Precious Stones: A Complete Guide to Their Names, History and Colors

From Cleopatra’s emeralds to the British Crown Jewels adorned with rubies and sapphires, precious stones have fascinated mankind for centuries. These natural wonders are not just a feast for the eyes—they’re also steeped in rich history, lore and symbolism. 

But what are these precious stones? Knowing their names, colors and origins can open up a vibrant world of sparkle and meaning. Whether you’re a jewelry enthusiast or simply looking to buy your first gem, this guide can answer all your questions. 

What Are Precious Stones?

Traditionally, the term “precious stones” refers to four gemstones—diamond, ruby, sapphire and emerald. However, many gems such as alexandrites, aquamarines, tsavorites and pink morganites are also cherished for their exceptional beauty and rarity.

Let’s explore some of the most prized gemstones you might come across when you search gemstone shop near me online:

Emeralds: Cleopatra’s Favorite Gemstone

The lush green emerald gemstone is one of the most iconic precious stones in the world. These gems were revered in ancient Egypt, especially by Cleopatra. Sourced mainly from Colombia, Zambia and Brazil, emeralds symbolize rebirth, wisdom and eternal youth.

Looking to buy one? You can easily buy emerald jewelry or emerald gemstone for sale online in different cuts and clarities. Keep in mind that most emeralds have inclusions, known as “jardin,” which actually add character to the stone.

Ruby: The Stone of Passion

Ruby stones have captivated kings and queens across history. Known for their deep red color, rubies represent passion, protection and prosperity. These gems are second only to diamonds in hardness and are highly durable—perfect for everyday wear.

Burmese and Mozambique rubies are among the most coveted due to their intense color and clarity. Planning to buy loose ruby stones for a custom-piece? Head to GemsNY for all your jewel needs. 

Sapphire: Not Just Blue Anymore

When we say sapphire, we often picture the blue sapphire stone. But did you know sapphires come in nearly every color except red? However, blue sapphires remain the most popular and are considered symbols of royalty, wisdom and loyalty. 

One important thing to note is the presence of heating in sapphires. Heat treatment is a common method to enhance a sapphire's color and clarity. While it’s not artificial, always ask your jeweler whether the gem is natural, heated or untreated before purchasing.

Alexandrite: Color-Changing Wonders

Arguably one of the most magical semi-precious stones, alexandrites are known for their color-changing abilities. By day, they appear greenish-blue and by night, they shift to reddish-purple. 

First discovered in Russia, these rare gems symbolize balance, luck and change. Because natural alexandrites are so rare, they often command premium prices. If you’re in the market for something unique, a genuine alexandrite is a gemstone worth considering.

Aquamarine: Ocean’s Tranquil Treasure

The serene blue hue of aquamarines has earned these gems their name, derived from the Latin for “water of the sea.” Associated with calming energies and clear communication, aquamarines were once believed to protect sailors on their voyages.

These stones are relatively affordable from the Big Four gemstones. And this makes them great for those who want a dazzling blue gem without the higher price tag of sapphires. Moreover, aquamarines are quite versatile and can be worn in almost every jewelry piece. 

Morganite and Pink Tourmaline: The Blush Beauties

Pink morganite and pink tourmaline are the go-to stones for anyone who adores delicate, romantic colors. Morganite stones, a pink variety of beryl, have recently gained popularity in engagement rings due to their softness and subtle hues.

On the other hand, pink tourmalines are known for their vibrant color spectrum and are believed to bring love and emotional healing. These stones are ideal for statement jewelry and also make meaningful gifts.

Tsavorite: The Rich Green Garnet

If you love the color of emeralds but want something more durable and vibrant, look no further than the tsavorite stone. This rare green garnet is incredibly brilliant, with a higher refractive index than emerald, giving it a sparkling, fire-like effect.

Mostly found in East Africa, especially Kenya and Tanzania, tsavorites are unique and elegant gemstones. They are perfect for anyone looking for a bright green gem without inclusions or cloudiness of emeralds. 

Where to Buy Loose Gemstones?

With so many options available, it’s essential to purchase your gemstones from a trusted and transparent source. Whether you're looking to buy loose ruby, a blue sapphire stone or an alexandrite, certificate of authenticity matters. 

One of the most recommended places to buy precious gemstones is GemsNY. With stellar GemsNY reviews and a vast collection of certified loose stones and fine jewelry, this Gems NYC brand has made a name for itself. 

Final Thoughts

From regal sapphires and fiery rubies to oceanic aquamarines and rare alexandrites, there is a world of precious stones. They are more than just jewels, instead they’re pieces of history, passion and nature’s art. 

If you’re wondering where to buy loose gemstones, start your journey with trusted names such as GemsNY. With their expert gemologists and secure buying options, it’s never been easier to bring a timeless treasure into your life.